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MATRIX MAKING MACHINE. No. 584,364. Patented June l B; 1897.

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No. 584,364. Patented June 15, 1897.

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MATRIX MAKING MACHINE. No. 584,364. Patented June 15, 1897.

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MATRIX MAKING MAGHINE.

Patented June 15, 1897.

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F. A. JOHNSON. MATRIX MAKING MACHINE.

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No. 584,364. Patented June 15, 1897'.

(No Model.) 10 Sheets-Sheet 8.

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P. A. JOHNSON. MATRIX MAKING MACHINE. No. 584,364. Patented June 15. 1897.

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MATRIX MAKING MACHINE. No. 584,364. Patented June 15, 1897.

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Unirnn STATES PATENT FFICE.

FRANK AMOS JOHNSON, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, ASSIGNOR TO THE 'TAOIIYTYPE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

MATRIX-MAKING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 584,364, dated June 15, 1897. Application filed August 11, 1892. Renewed May 17, 1897. $er1'a1 No. 637,002. (No model.)

To w/YZ whom, it 711,017 concern.-

Be it known that I, FRANK AMos JOHNSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Minneapolis, in the county of Hennepin and State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Matrix-Making Machines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to matrix-making or composing machines.

The invention is in the same line as my former United States patent, numbered 463,388, issued to me of date November 17, 1891, entitlec Matrix-making and stereotyping machine, and in the same line as my pending application, filed April 25,1892, under Serial No. 430,583, entitled Linotyping-machines. The matriX-makin g machine herein shown and described was designed for use as part of the linotype-machine of the class shown and described in my said pending application. Inasmuch, however, as the improvements relate solely to the matrix-making mechanism, it is not deemed necessary for the purposes of this case to illustrate and describe the casting mechanism which is used in conjunction with this machine to produce a linotype.

111 its general design the present machine is very similar to the matrix-making mechanism shown and described in my pending application. Like in the said former machine a duplicate dummy is set from the keyboard, whose settings are transferred to a dummy proper, which dummy proper then controls the matrix-making mechanism for the first line, while the duplicate dummy is being set for the next line. As in the said former machine, the type are cut on the well-known unit system of self-spacing type, and the feed movements of the matrix-material-feed mechanism is correspondingly arranged for a variable feed divided into corresponding units.

The most radical features of improvement in the general machine relatesto the justifyin g mechanism, which in the present machine is constructed to operate on a different principle from that shown in my said pending application and prior patent, and which involves two broadly new pieces of mechanism, one of which, for distinction, willhereinafter be called the spacing-controller or justifier proper and the other of which is used to set the said spacingcontroller or justifier proper and will be called, for distinction, the justitier-key.

The broad claims upon the spacing-controller and the justifler-key have been transferred to my Patent No. 536,149, dated March 19, 1895.

. In my former machine the normal key for word-spacing was increased or decreased for different lines, if necessary, by a supplemental feed device working on the principle of proportional division or distribution, so as to make the word-spacing absolutely equal among all the Words in the given line.

In my present machine the distribution or division of the word-spacing is by way of quotient and remainder. In other words, if the total amount of space, measured in units, which in ust be distributed between the words of any given line is an exact multiple of the number of Word-spaces in that line then the spacing between all the said words for that line will be equal or uniform; but if the said total amount to be distributed, measured in units, is not an exact multiple of the wordspaces then the said total amount will be dis tributed as nearly equal as possible without. dividing or splitting a unit, or, in other words, the integral quotient of the said total amount of space divided by the number of wordspaces in that line will be distributed or divided among all the word-spaces and the integral remainder will be distributed one unit more to each word-space among as many of the word-spaces as necessary, beginning at the first word-space of the given line. This distribution is always possible on this machine in virtue of the unit principle of construction and in virtue of the further fact that there must always be at least one unit of space between each pair of words in the line. From the last-named fact it is obvious that there will always be a total of word-spacing in any given line which, when divided by the number of wordspaces, will give an integral quotient with or without an integral remainder. Remembering these facts,the prin- IOO ciple of distribution may be readily understood, and the mechanism for effecting the same becomes susceptible of a simple description.

Toillustrate the principle, suppose the predetermined line for which the machine is constructed contains one hundred and thirty units and suppose that the letter-space required for the letters and character indicated on the keyboard for any given line would occupy one hundred and twenty units. There would then be ten units left for distribution am on gthe words or as word-spaces. Suppose the given line contained eleven words or ten spaces. Then one unit of spacing would be put in eachword-space in the line, or, in other words, the said ten units would be distributed among all the word-spaces, one unitin a place. Suppose the same line contained only six words orfive word-spaces. Then the said ten units would be distributed two units to each space. Suppose, again, the same line contained only five words or four spaces. Then the said total of ten units would be distributed, according to the quotient and remainder, of ten divided by four, or two units each for all the word-spaces'and one unit more for each of the first two word-spaces, or, otherwise stated, the word-spacing would be in units 3, 3, 2, 2. From the foregoing it will be seen that the total word-spacing for any given line is taken as subject to distribution or division according to quotient and remainder, and, as will appear from subsequent description, that the 'mechanism for the purpose is of such acharacter that it will give this result without any regard to the question whether the spacing in any given line be the standard or ndrmal spacing of two units or more in less than the same. By looking at the subject in this way all difficulty and confusion of statement on account of reference to so-called normal spacin g'and variation therefrom by way of addition or subtraction may be avoided.

Turning now to the mechanism, the spacing-controller or justifier proper, heretofore noted, comprises a pair of parts having a termine or fix the additional spacing for the integral remainder or odd units, if any there be. This justifier proper is applicable to any machine where word-spacing is required, whether that spacing be effected by the feed of a matrix or other impression materialor by the insertion of positive spacing-quads, such as in atype-setting or type-casting machine, or for the spacing of matrices from which justified linotypes may be cast. In the present machine the said justifier proper or spacing-controller is applied to a variable matriX-material-feed mechanism, as will hereinafter appear.

I prefer in this machine to set the justifier proper for each line by an automatically-operated device, which 1 have termed a justifier-key. This justifier-key is a unique fea ture in this class of machines. It consists, essentially, of a series of parts or surfaces predetermined in height or length or size for every possible word-spacing that might ever be required for the j ustiiication of any possible line of the pretermined length for which the machine is constructed. The analogy is that of a key to a lock, the parts corresponding to keys to particular locks; but, continuing the figure of speech, as there are large numbers of looks or, in other words, a large number of different settings of the justifier proper to be considered and provided for, the analogy is that of a bunch of keys, and the distinctive term justifier-key will be used in the collective sense to cover and include all the different sets of parts or particular keys of which the said justifier-key is composed. The said parts might be made and kept for use by hand exactly like a bunch of keys; but for convenience and automatic action they are mounted on a common support in a bifactored arrangement. This permits the said support to be movable in two corresponding different directions in order to position the proper set of parts of the j ustiiierkey for action on and the setting of the justifier proper, as may be required in any given case to justify the line. In the machine, as Shown, the parts of this justifier-key work in sets of two pins each, one of which serves to set the justifier proper for spacing accordin g to integral quotient and the other for setting the same for the additional spacing required for the integral remainder, if any. These sets of pins of the justifier-key are sufficient in number to set the said justifier proper for every possible word-spacing that might ever be required and enough duplicates to permit the alinement or location of any proper set of pins by the said factored movement of the justifier-key in the said two different directions. To render this point still more distinct, it may be stated as a fact that comparatively few sizes or lengths of sets of pins is sufficient for every possible setting of the justifier proper required; but one hun-. dred and ninety-two sets, many of which are duplicates, are mounted on said supports to permit the alinement of any proper set in the given case by said two movements of said support in different directions. These two movements of the justifier-key are imparted from the keyboard by independent connections, one of which rotates or moves the justifier-key according to the letter-space required for the selected line and the other of which connections slides or moves the said support longitudinally according to the number of word-spaces in the selected line.

It is possible to use a justifier proper and a justifier-key such as hereinbefore described in a machine of this kind in virtue of the preliminary representation of the selected line had on the dummies, hereinbefore referred to and fully described in my previous patent and pending application heretofore identified.

The exact construction of the justifying mechanism above described in general terms will appear in the detailed description hereinafter contained and will be defined in the claims.

The other points of novelty g mostly to details of construction, either in the primar setting devices or in the matrix-makin g in eehanism, with a view of rendering the machine more efficient, and will appear in the detailed description and be defined. in the claims.

Detailed cZescr iption.-In the accompany ing drawings, Figure 1 is a right-side elevation of the machine, some parts being removed, others broken away, and some parts being shown in section. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section approximately 011 the line 00 w of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical section from front to rear, taken approximately 011 the line a 00 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4E is a front elevation of a part of the machine, showing the keyboard and primary setting devices in working position, the other parts located at the rear of the same being removed. Fig. 5 is a vertical section on the line 00 00 of Fig. 4, looking from the left, some parts being removed and other parts shown in diagram only. Fig. 0 is a vertical section from right to left through the entire machine, approximately on the line 00 ac of Fig. 2, looking from the front. Fig. 7 is a detail in perspective illustrating the relation of one of the crank-arms of the setting-carriage to one of the slides of the duplicate dummy. Fig. Sis a front elevation, with some parts broken away, showing the letterspace indicator. Fig. 9 is a right-side elevation of the parts shown in Fig. 8. Fig. lOis a detail in rear elevation showing the means of transmitting motion from the indicator to the justifier-dummy. Fig. 11 is a vertical section on the line of Fig. 2, looking toward the rear, some parts being broken away and others shown in diagram, the parts being on a larger scale than the corresponding parts shown in Fig. 6. Fig. 12 is a detail in right-side elevation of a part of the variable word-space feed mechanism or justifie'r proper shown in Fig. 11. Fig. 13 is a plan view of a part of Fig. 11. Fig. 14 is a view in perspective illustrating the relation and action of the dummy-line proper and the placing-plungers or devices for locating the selecting-finger and the trip for throwing the dummy. out of action. Fig. 15 is a rear elevation of some parts shown in Fig. 14:. Fig. 16 is a skeleton view in elevation showing a part of the (:lun'nny-line-feed mechanism, looking from the rear. Fig. 17 is a detail in section on the line at x of Fig. 16. Fig. 18 is a detail in'plan of the parts shown in Fig. 16. Fig. 19 is a detail in front view of a part of Fig. 14.

Classification ofrefcrcnce-Zetiers. For conveniencethe following classification of reference-letters will be observed. a and its powers a a &c., denote the framework. b and its powers denote the power-shaft, &c.; c and its powers the setting-shaft and its trip mechanism; (1 and its powers the keyboard, setting-earriage, 850.; e and its powers the indicator mechanism; f and its powers the duplicate dummy; 9 and its powers the dummy proper; h and its powers the wordspace key and the word-space rack, &c.; 75 and its powers the impression-anvil, matrix holder, and the normal matrix-feed devices; a and its powers the dies and their selecting and alining mechanism; 19 and its powers the variable word-space feed constituting the justifier proper; t and its powers the justifier-controller, and 1 and its powers unclassified devices, including the return-ring, the. belonging properly to the letter a. .2 denotes the matrix material.

As far as practicable the part-s will be described in the order of their operation.

]l[ainframe.The main frame comprises a horizontal table or bed-plate a, suitable supporting-legs, (not shown,) a two-part central support a, fixed to and projecting lip-- ward from the bed-plate, and various other projecting fixed parts, which will be noted, so far as is necessary, in connection with the description of the operative parts.

Bearings for shafts and similar minor parts whichare necessarily implied and well under stood will not be specifically noted by reference-lctters, except when desirable to locate some operative parts.

The power-shafzf.-The power-shaft b is arranged from right to left under the rear part of the bed-plate in bearing-brackets a depending therefrom. The power-shaft car ries at its right en d a combined driving-pulley and fly-wheel h and at its left enda drivingpulley for transmitting motion to the settin g-shaft. The power-shaft carries a number of cams, which will be noted in connection with the parts driven thereby. This power-shaft is kept in constant motion at a high rate of speed.

The Primary Setting Deoz'ccs.

The setting-shaft and its trip mechcmism. A divided settingshaft c c is jo'urnaled in bearing-brackets a depending from the front part of the bed-plate, under the keyboard. Of this shaft the left section 0' carries a relatively small pulley 0 which is connected by the belt 0 with a relatively large pulley b on the constantly-running shaft 0. Hence the section a of the setting-shaft will be kept in constant motion at a very high rate of speed. The section 0 of the setting-shaft carries at its right end a ratchet-faced clutclrdisk 0*, and the section 0 of the setting-shaft carries at its left end a pivoted spring-pressed pawl 0 which constantly tends, under the tension of its spring, to engage with the clutch 0 The pawl c is prevented from this engaging movement by a pivoted cam-faced stop-arm c, the cam-surface of which normally engages with the tail end of the pawl and holds it out of engagement with the clutch.

c is an idle-shaft, also journaled in the bearing a provided with a pair of arms 0 connected by rods c" with a common trip-bail in position to be tripped by the operation of any key on the keyboard, including the spacing-key as well as the character-keys. The bail 0 is under tension to assume its lowermost position bya spring a, applied to the bail-shaft 0 The bail-shaft c carries at its left end an arm 0 having pivoted thereto a trip-latch 0 the upper end of which is notched and is adapted to engage under a stop-lug on the face of the stoparm c. The trip-latch c is held in its normal position by a spring 0 The downward movement of the stop-arm c is limited by a stop-pin 0 With this construction whenever a key is struck the trip-bail is raised, carrying up the stop-arm c and allowing the pawl c to engage with the clutch 0 thereby causing the two sections of the shaft to move together for one complete turn of the shaft. Immediately after passing off the stop-arm 0 the tail of the pawl 0 will strike the front edge of the pivoted latch and throw the same backward away from the stop-lug e allowing the stoparm 0 to drop back into its normal position onto the stop-pin 0 thereby insuring the return of the stop-arm 0 into position to engage the tail of the pawl 0 so as to throw the same out of engagement with the clutch c at the completion of its revolution, regardless of whether the key has been released from the finger or not. At the completion of the turn of the shaft or before the same the latch 0 will have been returned into its normal position by the spring 0 In this way the section 0 of the setting-shaft is tripped into action, given a complete turn, and again thrown out of action every time that a key is struck.

The keys, &c.The keyboard and its immediately-connected parts are located at the front of the bed-plate. The keys d d, of which parts (l are the finger-pieces and d the key-levers, are pivoted to the fulcrum-rod d and work with their rear ends between the teeth of a fixed guide-comb d. The key-le- Vers are held in their normal position under tension by the tension on the trip-bail 0 Directly over the keys are located a series of differentially-notched pieces d, for distinction called blade-stops, pivoted at their forward ends to a pivot-rod d and having their rear or free ends working in vertical grooves of a guide-plate d These bladestops are in number equal to all the characters, upper and lower case letters, numbers,

normal spaces, punctuation-marks, &c., that it is desired to use on the machine. The keylevers are in number onehalf the number of the blade-stops, and the blade-stops are shifted to change from lower to upper case letters. This shift is effected from a shift or cap key d on a rock-shaft 01 located at the left of the keyboard, having crank-arms (1 one of which is connected to the fulcrum-rod d and the other to the guide-plate d.

The blade-stops cl all underlie the tripbail 0 The key-levers and blade-stops are inclosed by a box al which affords the bearings for the different parts, the front plate of the box being stepped and perforated to permit the outward passage of the finger-pieces of the keys. J ournaled in this box directly above the blade-stops are a pair of setting-blades d, mounted with freedom for a rocking motion and having mounted on their shafts a setting-carriage consisting of a pair of crankarms 61 held between a pair of end plates d secured to the feed-rack d. The backs or shafts of the setting-blades are square in cross-section, and the passages in the crankarms are of corresponding shape, so that the carriage is free to slide on the said shafts and the crank-arms will be rocked with the blades, but in the reverse direction. The feed-rack d engages with a pinion 61 on the upper end of a vertical shaft (1 having on its lower end a pin-wheel d", in engagement with a screwacting cam-wheel (Z located on the section 0 of the setting-shaft. The cam-wheel 61 is provided with a gap, in which the pin-wheel stands in the normal position of the shaft. The setting-carriage is under strain to move toward the left by a cord and weight (Z and is held in whatever position it may be set under its feed movements by a retaining-pawl d engaging with the ratchet-teeth cut on the back of the rack. The retaining-pawl is under tension from a spring 01 and is provided with an inwardly-projecting pin 01 working through a slot in the boX and into the path of a cam-surface c1 on the left part of a vertically-mo vable frame which supports the parts of the duplicate dummy, soon to be described. This relation of the pin (Z and the cam-surface 61 serves to release the settingoarriage at the proper time, permitting the same to be returned by its cord and weight, as will more fully hereinafter appear.

6 is a rock-shaft located parallel with the pair of rock-blades d and limited in the same way by the blade-stops d4, and which is used to operate a letter-space indicator for indieating and registering the letter-space required for the selected characters, the particular blade-stop d which intercepts the indicator rock-shaft 6 when the space-bar h is struck being so constructed that the said shaft 6 will not be rocked so as to affect the indicator at all. The connections from this indicator-blade e to the indicator will appear later on. All three of the rock-blades are provided on their right-hand ends with a pair of disks (1 and 61 of which (Z is rigid on the blade-shaft and c 25 is held in frictional contact therewith by jam-nuts 02 These two parts (Z and (1 form a friction-clutch. The loose members (1 of these friction-clutches are connected by a link c1 and one of the members, the front member as shown, is connected by another link (Z to a crank-rod (Z pivoted at one end to a crank-arm (Z on the right-hand end of the setting-shaft and having at its other end a pin d, which works in a cam-groove (Z in the form of areverse curve on t in the right-hand bearing-bracket a The peculiar motion imparted by these connections will be traced later on. Suffice it for the present purposes to note that the friction-clutch connections to the blades permit the same to be variably intercepted and stopped at any point in their rocking motion by the before-noted blade-stops 1 The duplicate dummy.f are the slides, and f the horizontal parts and f the vertical parts of the verticallymovable frame on which the said slides are mounted, constituting together the duplicate dummy, as named in my pending application. The slides or parts f work in sets of two pieces or factors each and take positions for the selection or the setting of the corresponding parts of the dummy proper (presently to be noted) to select the proper die by the movement of a selooting-finger in two directions, as will later appear. There are of these sets of slides f enough to select a line of maximum number of characters. These slides have notches on their under edges, with which engage the rounded heads of the crank-arms (Z of the setting-carriage. These slides f are stepped on their rear ends to form stop-surfaces cor responding in number to the different positions which they are required to take. Normally the slides f all stand to the extreme front of their supporting-frame and by the action of the setting-arms c1 of the settingcarriage as variably intercepted by the differ entially-notched blade-stops d are thrown to the rear the proper distances to locate their stop-surfaces in their proper positions The slides f have on their left vertical faces alining-lugsf projecting outward from the front vertical walls of their notches, for insuring the proper position of the said slides at the forward engaging feed of the setting-carriage. The slides fare spaced apart from each other on their support f sufficiently far to permit the setting-arms d of the setting-carriage the necessary clearance or passage-way for their forward stroke in their rocking action.

The dummy proper at resf.g are the stops and g the carriage constituting the mechanical line or dummy proper, which, after its parts are in position, comes into action to control the matrix-making mechanism. This dummy proper is mounted on a fixed runway and when in its idle or inactive position stands at the extreme right of the same, directly over and in position to be set by the duplicate dummy just previously described. The stops 9 of this dummy proper work in sets of two pieces or factors in the same way and take different vertical positions, as required to locate the selecting-finger for the alinement of the corresponding die. In other words, the

two dummies in the number of their parts and the relative positioning of the same correspond in all respects, but the dummy proper has a traveling movement from right to left, while the duplicate dummy has only a vertical movement in order to transfer its settings to the dummy proper.

The stops g of the dummy have on their front edges ratchet-faced notches,correspond ing in number to the different positions which they are required to take. A locking-blade g is seated in the dummys frame under spring-tension to movetoward the rear and has a slot-and-pin connection-with said frame, as shown at 9 The tension of the spring (not shown) tends to throw the lock-blade 9 toward the rear and hold the same in engagement with the notches of the stops 9. When moved the other way, a slot-and-pin connection will cam the blade forward out of engagement with the notches. When the dummy is at the extreme right of its runway, in position to be set, as shown in Fig. l, the said lock-blade will be held back against the tension of its spring by an idle-plunger g seated in' the right-hand vertical support of the dummyrunway. This plunger is notched, and when the duplicate dummy is raised a projection on the same at the limit of its upward movement strikes the said plunger and lifts the same away from the end of the lock-plate 9 allowing the same to become active to hold the dummy-stops g wherever set on their supportingcarriage or frame g.

Returning again to the duplicatedummy, the vertical parts f of its frame are connected by links f with arms f on an idleshaft f journaled in suitable bearings depending from the bed-plate. One of these arms (the right arm) is provided with a forwardly-extended handle by means of which the operator may raise the duplicate dummy at will.

f is a pivoted slide returning blade mounted on the dnplicate-dummys frame, which is normally held to the rear in the posi tion shown in Fig. 3 by a cord f which is under tension from a spring f on the back of the dummys runway, (see Fig. 18,) which also has another function to be noted later on. The blade f has on its back a cam-lug f. f is apivoted cam-block secured to the bed-plate under tension to move toward the front by a spring f. f is a spring-held latch work in g through a slot in the cam'block f with its forward end under the back of the return-blade f In their normal position these parts stand as shown in Fig. 3. Their functions will appear in the description of the operation of the primary setting devices.

he indicator.-'lhe indicator-blade shaft 6 is provided with a crank-arm c, (see Figs. 8 and 9,) having pivotally attached thereto a driving-pawl 6 the upper end of which engages with a ratchet-wheel 6 located on the front end of a shaft 6 The shaft c is journaled in suitable bearings secured to the curacy in the setting of the same.

dummy-runway g and the casing-box (Z The shaft e carries at its forward end a pointer 6 which moves over a fixed graduated dial 0. The shaft 6 is under tension from a spring 0 to return to its normal or starting position. The ratchet-wheel e is held by a retainingpawl a The drivingpawl (2 works against an inclined bankingblock a", so arranged as to prevent the out ward disengagement of the said pawl from the tooth of the said ratch et-wheel at the extreme limit of its throw, thereby preventing the racing of the ratchet-wheel, insuring ac- The retaining-pawl e is carried by a standard e rising from one of the cross-barsf of the duplicate-dummys frame, and is provided with a releasing-pin o which on the upward movement of the duplicate-dummys frame throws out the driving-pawl e away from the said ratchet 6 The vertical movement of the retaining-pawl c with the standard 6 effects its release from the ratchet. These releases occur at the proper time to permit the ratchet-wheel and pointer to be returned to their normal position by the spring 6 Word-space rack, dcc.h is the space bar or key ofthe keyboard. h is an arm underlying the said space-key and secured to a pivoted shaft 71 which extends to the right through the box 61 and is provided with an outside arm b underlying an inwardly-projecting pin h of a driving-pawl 71 The arm h" is normally held in its uppermost position by a spring h, thereby holding up and rendering the pawl 71 inactive. 7L7 is a wordregister rack seated in a groove on the face of the bed-plate and under tension from a spring it to move toward the front into its normal position. The pawl 71 is pivoted at its rear end to the link d Vhenever the space-bar his struck the pawl 71 will be permitted to engage with the word-space rack h and under the motion from the link 61 will throw the said rack toward the rear one step. The rack will be engaged and held by a retaining-pawl h.

The operation of the setting dco'ices.First noting that the indicator and the word-space rack or register have connections to the justifier-key, which will be described later on, the operation of the other primary setting devices may now be traced. As the keys are struck at the keyboard the setting-shaft will be released, the setting-blades will be rocked, resulting in the positioning of the parts of the duplicate dummy and the indication on the. indicator of the letter-space required by the selected characters, and also in the movement of the Word-space rack as many notches toward the rear as there have been wordspaces indicated.

Having regard to the feed movements of the setting-carriage and the setting movements of the blades d and the crank-arms (Z as controlled from the setting-shaft, they are as follows: Normally the crank-arms of the setting-carriage engage the left-hand set of the duplicate-dummys slides f. YVhen the setting-shaft is released, the crank-arms are rocked toward the rear as far as permitted by the blades (Z and the raised blade-stops d This occurs during the first one-hundredand twentyfive degrees movement of the settingshaft. The crank arms are then given a pause or held in that position during the next fifty-degrees movement of the setting-shaft. During this first pause in the rocking motion of the said crank-arms the setting-carriage is fed forward on the blades by the cam-flange at far enough to disengage the same from the first set of slides f. The said arms will then stand in line with the lugs f on the slides f. During the next onehundred-degrees movement of the settingshaft the said crank-arms will be rocked forward into their normal positions and force the next set of slides forward into their normal positions, if necessary. During the next eighty-five-degrees movement of the setting-shaft the crank-arms are held from rocking and are fed forward during this second pause by the cam-wheel d into engagement with the next set of stops. The camwheel 01 is so shaped as to give this divided or two-stepped feed movement to the settingcarriage at the proper time. The two pauses or periods of rest in the rocking motions of the blade-shafts (Z and crank-arms 61 are produced by the peculiar connections from the crank-arm 61 The crank-rod d has its outer end held by the cam-groove (Z so that the resultant motion on the link 61 will produce the pauses at the times required.

By the successive feed movements of the setting-carriage and the rocking movements of its crank-arm under the action of the setting-shaft when released by the keys and variably intercepted by the blade-stops the slidesf of the duplicate dummy will be positioned on their supportingfran1e relative to each other as required for the selection of the corresponding dies. The operator can see from the indicator when he must break his line. He then lifts the duplicate dummy by the hand-lever f", thereby transferring the settings from the duplicate dummy to the stops g of the dummy proper. The duplicate dummy is thus raised and again-immediately lowered. Near the limit of the duplicate frames upward movement the cam-lugf on the return-blade f will clear the camblock f and the said cam-block will be thrown forward by its spring f and be caught by the latch f and there held until the return of the duplicate-dummy frame. On the down motion of the said frame the cam-lugf will strike the cam-surface on the cam-block f and be thereby thrown forward with its free end acting against all the slides f of the duplicate dummy, thereby returning the same into their normal-positions on their supporting-frame. As the said frame reaches its lowermost limit the back of the blade f will ITO strike the projecting end of the latch f re leasing the same from the can1-blockf and the cam-lug f will throw the said block backward into its normalposition.

On the initial part of the upward movement of the duplicate dummy the retainingpawl (Z was thrown backward by the camsurface (Z and the pin 61 (before noted, see Fig. 2,) thereby releasing the setting-carriage and allowing it to be returned by its cord and weight.

011 the initial part of the upward movement of the duplicate dummy the driving and retaining pawls for the indicator ratchet-wheel were also released therefrom and the indi; cater-shaft returned to its normal position by its retracting-spring. During this vertical movement of the duplicate dummy the word rack h was also released from its retaining pawl 72. and permitted to be returned by its spring h into its forward and normal position. All the parts of the primary setting devices now being back to their original or normal positions the operator is free to go forward on the keyboard, selecting the next line. The dummy proper having been set, as before described, by the duplicate dummy, is now ready for its work to control the matrix-making mechanism. Before tracing that action it will be necessary to specify the parts of this matrix-making mechanism.

The ilfairicc-llfahing llfechcmism.

The anvil, matrzlnholder, &c.h is an an vilblock secured between the central supports a of the main frame at their upper end. On a cylindrical portion of this anvilblock is mounted a revoluble drum or shell 7t. This shell is movable by hand or in any other suitable way. Seated in the same for transverse movement parallel with its axis are located a series of matrix-material holders 7& which, when at the impression-point, have a slot-and-pin engagement, as shown at with the matrix-material-holder feedrack 75, which extends outward through a suitable seat in the anvil-block and one of the supports a and engages at its right-hand end with a pinion h on a shaft 7t", carrying a ratchet-wheel h To the left end of the feedrack is attached a cord and weight h holding the same under strain to return to its normal position.

k is the alining-plate, provided with central guide-passage or truing-hole h through which the dies are impressed into the matrix material .2, carried by the holder.

70 is the bell-mouthed alining-channel in the anvilblock, which forms a continuation of the holders path or seat when at the impression-point. The matrix-material holder normally stands in the position shown in Fig. 6 and is fed outward toward the right by variable-feed devices, which will be presently described.

The dies and (Zie-rds.'lhe dies '12 are cut on the unit principle of self-spacing type.

The dies are spring-seated for axial movement in the free ends of radial carriers or die levers a, which work through radial slots of the truncated domen and through the vertical slots of a guide-casting a and are pivoted at their inner lower ends to a plungertube casting a, located at the axial center of the dome, and secured, together with the dome and guide-casting, to a shelf 01 located between and fixed to the central supports a. The dies are thrown to the center of the dome at the common center or impressionpoint over a reciprocating impression-plunger a, mounted within the plungertube casting a as a guide.

The plunger n is operated by a toggle-lever a on a rock-shaft 11 having a crank-arm or, connected by rod n to a cam-lever a subject to a cam n on the constantly-running power-shaft b, and to a retracting-sprin g 71 applied to the rodn These connections keep the plunger a constantly reciprocating.

Directly below and working through the shelf a are a series of die operating or alining rods @2 corresponding in number to the number of the dies, the lower ends of which rods are arranged in rows in two directions and held in the lower end or guide-plate n of a rod box or case 72 This grouping of the rods is shown in Figs. 2 and 6, and is for the purpose of permitting any rod or die to be operated upon by the selecting-finger a", and the selecting-finger to be located for this action by movement in two directions, as controlled by the corresponding two factors of the line-dummy. The diagram formed by these rod terminals or their seats in the guide-plate n may be conveniently referred to as the rectangle.

The selecting-finger n is headed and rests loosely in a finger-block 91 which is embraced by the slots of a pair of slidesh which move at right angles to each other, and by this movement locate the said block and tinger in any one of ten positions in two different directions, or, in other words, in any one of the various positions required for action on the rods a. The slides 91 have rack-bars n engaging pinions n on a pair of shafts 92 located at right angles. to each other, and having pinions 17, near their adjacent ends, which engage with racks on a pair of vertically-movable placing-plungers 97, the upper ends of which are angularly extended and overhang the path of the line-dummy in position to be intercepted by the dummy-stops.

At their lower ends the said plungers are connected by links H to a pair of spring-arms, or, carried by a two-pronged cam-lever n pivoted to a post 71 depending from the bedplate and subject to the action of a pair of cams n on the constantly-running powershaft 1). These two cams 11 give to the said two plungers a a reciprocating motion, and the spring-arms 11 permit the said plungers to be variably intercepted at any point in their downward movement. hen the linedummy is at rest, the said plungers n are held in their uppermost position by a projecting stop-block g, rising from the left end of the line-dummy frame. \Vhen the placing plungers are in this position, the spring-arms 02 yield under the continued motion imparted to the cam-lever n by the cams n \Vhen the plungers are in this uppermost or normal and idle position, the selecting-finger block 07, will stand in the position shown in Figs. 2 and 6 at the extreme left corner at the back of the rectangle clear of any of the rods a. After the dummy has started into action, as will be presently traced, the plungers will be variably intercepted by the dummystops g, which-have been set for use, which interceptions will result through the connections to the slides a in positioning the selecting-finger it" for action on the desired rods n The slides n are held and guided by an open-top rectangular box a Between the sides of this box is located a reciprocating striker-plate 71- the stem of which extends downward through the bed-plate and a guideblock 11 and is connected by a link n to a stiff spring-arm it, carried by a cam-lever 01. The cam-lever n is pivoted to a post "n depending from the bed-plate, and is subject to the action of a profile cam or", carried by the constantly-running power-shaft b. This cam reciprocates the striker-plate at every turn of the power-shaft Z). \Vhenever the selecting-finger is positioned for action on one of the rods n, it will stand with its lower end directly over and in the path of the striker 01 Hence the striker will raise the finger, throwing the same against the selected rod 41 and alining the corresponding die at the impression-point.

A return-ring y overlies the lower end of the die-levers n. This ring is held by pivoted levers 3 connected by rods with a yoke 3 fixed on the stem of the striker-plate 01 Hence the said ring 1 will move with the striker-plate, rising with the striker-plate to permit the die-levers to be thrown up, and lowering with the striker-plate, insuring the return of the die-lever by a positive action.

The matrix-material feed mechcmism. The rods 41, in addition to being arranged into rows in two directions, according to the factors of the line-dummies, are also grouped according to the variable spaces required by their corresponding dies. In other words, the dies requiring .a common amount of letterspace in the line are classified or grouped together, so that they can conveniently be made to act on corresponding feed-controlling devices, which in the present case are the stoplevers These feed stop-levers are of bellcrank shape and correspond, of course, to the different units of letter-space feed, ranging from two units to seven units, respectively. These levers appear in Figs. 2, 4, and 6, Two of these stop-levers are required for the four units-dies, so that there are seven of these letter-space-feed stop-levers 7W. A similar bellcrank lever 7& is arranged parallel with the levers 76 and is used for the word'spacing. This word-spacii'ig lever is of a special construction for affording the variable feed necessary for justification, which special construction will be noted later on. The lower arms of all these bell-crank levers 70 and 7x3 overlie knobs or ei'ilargements 70 on the respective groups of rods a. A bell-crank trip-bail 7t overlies all the said stop-levers 7c and 70 and the upper arm of the same normally stands under a striker-bar k of a reciprocating feedplunger 70 This feedplunger is mounted for vertical movement,

.and is yieldingly held at its lower end under friction between the prongs of a bifurcated cam-lever 76 pivoted on the idle-shaftf, and subject to the action of a cam on the constantly-running power-shaft b. At its upper end this feed-plunger carries a spring-held driving-pawl 7e which is normally in en gagement wilh the matrix-holder feed-ratchet wheel 70 A retaining-pawl 70 pivoted to a projection 75 from the central support ct, also engages the said wheel 70 and holds the same wherever set.

lVhenever one of the rods 11 is raised by the selecting-finger n", one of the levers 76 and 70 will be raised against its retractingspring 7c, thereby lifting the trip-bail 70 against its retracting-spring, (not shown,) throwing out its stop-arm from under the striker 70 and throwing the stop-arm of the particular raised lever 70 or 70 into the path of the striker, so as to intercept the feedplunger 70 on its downward movement and thus determine its feed stroke. The stoparms of these bell-crank stop-levers 70 and 7t vary in height, so as to vary the stroke of the feed-plunger to give the corresponding desired variable feed on the matrix-material holder.

The dummy in acti0n.Returning now to the line-dummy, it will be recalled that it was left standing at the right of its runway with its stops 9 set or positioned for use. The dummy-carriage is under strain to move toward the right into its normal position by a cord and weight 9 andis fed to the left against the said strain by a pulling-pawl 9 the free end of which engages with a ratchetrack g, cut on the back of the dummy-carriage frame. A retaining-pawl g holds the carriage wherever set. The pulling-pawl g is pivoted to a crank-arm g on a rock-shaft Q12, having another crank-arm g connected by a rod g to a cam-lever 9 pivoted to a post depending from the bed-plate. This cam-lever is subject to the action of a cam on the constantly-running power-shaft b. By this cam g the pawl g is kept constantly moving; but when the line-dummy is in its idle position the free end of said pawl is held up out of contact with the rack g by the spring-held trip-pawl g, which is pivoted in the slot of the back wall of the dummy-runway, and is attached at its free end to the cord f which cord connects the same with the blade f before described, which returns the duplicate-dummy slides f to their normal position. lVhen the duplicated um my frame was lowered, the said blade f was rocked forward, as hitherto described, and this forward motion of the said blade pulled down the cord f drawing out the trip-pawl g from under the pulling-pawl g allowing the latter to be come active to feed forward the dummy-carriage. Having been thus started in to action, the dummy is fed forward toward the left by a step-by-step motion, bringing its successive sets of stops 9 in position to successively intercept the placing-plungers n on their downward motion. By these successive intercep tions of the placing-plungersn the selectingfin ern is successivel *located in the differ ent positions required for action on the corresponding die-alining rodsn, and under the action of the vertically-movable striker-plate n the dies are thrown to the impressionpoint, and the letter-space feed of the matrixmaterial holderis effected. WVhen at the impression-point, the dies are impressed by the reciprocating plunger 12 In this action of the placing-plungers n the normal wordspace feed is also effected by the said selecting-finger n and a word-space rod n acting on the word-space stop-lever The said word-space rod is located in the guide-plate n at the extreme right rear corner of the rectangle. WVhen the line-dummy has been fed through in this way until all of its sets of stops which have been positioned for use in the particular selected line have been called into action, it will be automatically thrown out of action and released. It is thrown out of action as follows: \Vhen ever the plungers 01 fall onto the first set of d ummy-stops which. were not positioned for use in the selected line, both plungers will go down a common distance to their extreme lowermost position. In this position the upper end of a set of raised surfaces 91 will engage under the lower end of abroad-faced latch-holder 92 (see Figs. 14 and 15,) which is pivoted at its upper end to an idle plunger a, seated in the back plate of the line-dummys runway. The latch-holder is held downward and inward under tension by a spring 72 On the next upward movement of the plungers n the latch-holder will be carried upward until it stands clear of a pivoted latch 12 under tension from a spring a and carrying a latchblade n As quick as the latch-holder it is raised to its uppermost position the lat-ch n will snap its blade at under thelower ends of the raised surfaces 07. and hold the plungers n in their uppermost position, rendering the matrix-making mechanism inoperative to produce any further impression and holding the plungers up so as to clear the setstops of the line-dummy on its return movement. hen the dummy is in action, the latch-holder it, being in its lowermost position, holds out the latch a, so thatits blade 72' cannot engage under the raised surfaces 72 the raised surfaces 71 on the two plungers n being of such length that one or the other of them will always be engaged by the broad end of the said latch-holder, except when they both are coincidently lowered to their lowermost limit. The two plungers are never thrown to this lowermost limit until they fall onto a set of stops neither of which has been set for use. When the two plungers are thus lowered together to their extreme limit, the selecting-tingern will be thrown to the righthand front corner of the rectangle in line with an empty hole in the guide-plate n.

The retaining-pawl g is located with its free end underlying a projection on the free end of the pullingpawl g and is provided with a backwardly-projecting pin 9 working in a slot 9 of the idle plunger-block 71 Hence when the said plu nger-block was forced upward to its limit, as just previously described, the said pin 9 would be lifted, thereby carrying upward the free ends of both the pulling-pawl g and the retaining-pawl 9 thereby releasing the line-dummy carriage and permitting the same to be returned by its cord and weight to the extreme right of its runway into its normal position.

On the upward or releasing movement of the pulling-pawl g a cam-surface 9 thereon engages and forces backward the latch end or tip of the trip-pawl 9 permitting the same to snap under the said pulling-pawl and hold the same up in its inoperative position out of engagement with the dummy feedrack.

The latch-lever a is fixed to a rock-shaft a, mounted in hearings to the rear of and parallel with the dummy-run way, and is provided with a backwardly-projecting arm n. This arm n is connected by a rod n with the tail end of the matrix feed-ratchet-retaining pawl I0 The said retaining-pawl has a pin it underlying the feed-ratchetdriving pawl 70 Hence with this construction when the latch-lever n was thrown to the front to snap its blade it under surfaces n on the plungers n the arm n and rod n will be raised, thereby disengaging the pawls k and R from the feed-ratchet wheel 70 thus permitting the matrix-material holder to be returned by its cord and weight k to the extreme left into its normal position. The upward movement of this arm it" also effects certain releases of certain of the parts of the justifying mechanism, which will soon be described.

On the return movement of the dummycarriage g a cam-surface (not shown) on its back comes in contact with an idle-pin n seated in the dummy-runway, and forces the same backward against the latchholder 72 The latch-holder is thereby thrown backward off from the upper end of the raised surface n of the placing-plungers n .and

permitted to be lowered by the spring a. In its downward movement the latch-holder 42 engages and throws back the latch-lever n moving its latch-blade n out from under the lower ends of the raised surfaces 91, The placing-plungers n will then rest on and be held up in their normal position by the stop-surface g at the left end of the dummy-carriage.

lVith the matrix-making mechanism now described under the control of the dummy proper an unjustified matrix could have been produced in the matrix material Instead of so doing, however, a justified matrix is produced by the cooperation therewith of justifying mechanism, which will now be described.

The Justi 1 int illcchcmz'sm.

The spacing-controller 0rjzcs'tifierproper. The principle of this device was very fully set forth in the introductory description. The specific construction of the same as applied to the present machine may be readily understood onreference to Figs. 1, 6, and 11. The two parts of said controller (marked, respectively, p and p) are carried on the wordspace stop-lever and the part is pivoted to the part 19 for lateral adjustment with respect thereto. The part 1; is formed with a flange p overlying the upper end of the part 19, the thickness of which flange represents one unit of feed movement as measured on the feed-plunger 70 The part p has a slotand-screw connection, as shown at 19 with the upper arm of the bell-crank stop-lever 7e and also has at its lower end a slot 19 embracing the common pivot-rod 07. on which are fulcrumed all the feed stop-levers 7t and 70 and the trip-bail 70 The parts 19 19 are thus held with freedom for a common vertical adjustment on the lever 70 and besides its lowermost may be held in five other positions by a retaining-pawl p engageable with any one of six notches p, out on the left edge of the part 19.. The said notches p are equal in length to one unit of feed movement as measured on the feed plunger it". These several positions into which the part 19, together with the part p, carried thereby, may be set will give all the common adjustments or settings of the said parts which may ever be required on the machine as constructed.

On the pivot-stud p connecting the part 3 with the part 1), is loosely mounted a ratchet-wheel 19 the hub of which ratchetwheel is in frictional engagement with the hub of the part 12 through a suitable frictional packing (not shown) and is held by a pawl-like retaining-arm p projecting from the support a; This ratchet-wheel 19 under the rocking motion of the stop-lever 70 against the arm 19" as imparted by the selecting-finger n" and the word-space rod or will be moved in a continuous direction toward the right. Hence if the part 19 be thrown laterally on its pivot into anydesired position it will be carried back into its normal position by the movement of the said ratchet-wheel p in virtue of its frictional contact therewith and will be prevented from moving beyond its normal position by a pin 1) carried thereby, which willstrike the left edge of the part 13. The part 19' may therefore be set to the left any number of feed movements away from its normal position and will be carried back thereto one feed movement at a time whenever the said wordspace stop-lever 70 is rocked. Any desired word-spacing can therefore be secured by the common and the differential (if necessary) adjustment of the partsjp p. Suppose, for example, the said parts 19 p be as shown in Fig. 11. Then the total word-spacing for the given line, whatever it may be, will be distributed among all the word-spaces six units in a place. If the said parts 19]) be raised one notch, the said total word-space, whatever it may be, will be distributed five units in a place, and so on for every notch that the said parts are raised until the last of the said notches p, which would give one unit or a hair-space to every word-space, or between all the words in the given line. The cases just given illustrate the common adjustment of the parts 13 19 without considering the differential adjustment of the part 19 with respect to the part 19. Looking at that phase, suppose again that the part 1) be in the lowermost position, as shown in Fig. 11. Then the plunger 7a" in its lowering movement to obtain its stroke will be intercepted by the cross-bar k thereof coming in contact with the top flange p of the part 19; but if the part 1) be thrown toward the left then 70" could lower one unit of feed movement farther, until the bar k was intercepted by the top of the part p. This differential adjustment is used to throw in the integral remainder one unit in a place,begi11ning with the first word-space in the line.

Suppose, for example, that in a given case there be twenty-seven units of word-space to distribute or provide for in order to make the line justify and that there are five words or four word-spaces in the line. Then twentyseven divided by four equals quotient six,with remainder three. Then the part 19 will be left in its lowermost position and the part 19 be thrown toward the left three steps of feed movement, or three notches of the ratchet-f wheel 27*, and hence during the first three feed movements of the plunger 7n the bar 70 will lower until intercepted by the top of the part 1), at which time the part 1) will have been returned to its normal position, and during the remainingmovement of the plunger 7a" the bar 70 will be intercepted by the top flange p of the part 1). Hence the said total of twenty-seven units will be distributed seven units to each of the first three word-spaces and six to the last word-space. In other words, the integral quotient is divided equally among all the wordspaces and IIS' 

